Simon bar Kokhba

Simon bar Kokhba (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר כּוֹכְבָא Šīm‘ōn bar Kōḵḇāʾ‎‍; romanized as Shimon bar Kokhva), also called Simon bar Koseba (שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר כֹסֵבָא Šīm‘ōn bar Ḵōsēḇaʾ‎‍) or simply Bar Kokhba, was a Jewish military leader in Judea. He lent his name to the Bar Kokhba Revolt, which he initiated against the Roman Empire in 132 CE. Though they were ultimately unsuccessful, Bar Kokhba and his rebels did manage to establish and maintain a Jewish state for about three years after beginning the rebellion. Bar Kokhba served as the state's leader, crowning himself as nasi (lit. 'prince').